Vol. 36 (2026): Volumen 36
Artículos de Investigación

Factores asociados a la percepción veterinaria sobre el uso inadecuado de antibióticos y áreas de mejora en establos lecheros de pequeña y mediana escala en México

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  • Mario Alfredo Espinosa-Martínez,
  • Eliab Estrada-Cortés,
  • Eugenio Villagómez Amezcua-Manjarrez,
  • Eduardo José Cabrera-Torres,
  • Luis Javier Montiel-Olguín
Mario Alfredo Espinosa-Martínez
Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
Eliab Estrada-Cortés
Campo Experimental Centro Altos de Jalisco, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
Eugenio Villagómez Amezcua-Manjarrez
Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
Eduardo José Cabrera-Torres
Campo Experimental Chetumal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias
Luis Javier Montiel-Olguín
INIFAP
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2026.4372

Publicado 2026-02-18

Cómo citar

Espinosa-Martínez, M. A., Estrada-Cortés, E., Villagómez Amezcua-Manjarrez, E., Cabrera-Torres, E. J., & Montiel-Olguín, L. J. (2026). Factores asociados a la percepción veterinaria sobre el uso inadecuado de antibióticos y áreas de mejora en establos lecheros de pequeña y mediana escala en México. Acta Universitaria, 36, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2026.4372

Derechos de autor 2026 Mario Alfredo Espinosa-Martínez, Eliab Estrada-Cortés, Eugenio Villagómez Amezcua-Manjarrez, Eduardo José Cabrera-Torres, Luis Javier Montiel-Olguín

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Resumen

El objetivo fue analizar la percepción de veterinarios sobre el uso inadecuado de antibióticos en establos lecheros de pequeña y mediana escala en México e identificar factores que la modifican. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 75 asesores técnicos; 33 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión (ser veterinario, trabajar con ganado lechero y atender establos de hasta 100 vacas). Se realizó estadística descriptiva y la prueba exacta de Fisher. Los veterinarios estimaron que 28.3% de sus clientes usan antibióticos en exceso. Aquellos con menor tiempo dedicado al ganado lechero identificaron mayor uso inadecuado (p = 0.02). También se encontró asociación entre la preocupación por resistencia bacteriana y la percepción de amenaza a la salud pública (p = 0.009). Se concluye que un tercio de los productores pudiera estar utilizando antibióticos de forma inapropiada, lo que resalta la importancia de fortalecer la asesoría técnica y promover prácticas de manejo preventivo.

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Citas

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