Vol. 36 (2026): Volumen 36
Artículos de revisión

Adaptógenos: naturaleza, función y principales representantes

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  • Jorge Alejandro Sosa Gutiérrez,
  • Cristo Omar Puente Valenzuela,
  • Rolando Adair Facio Campos,
  • Edgar Héctor Olivas Calderón
Jorge Alejandro Sosa Gutiérrez Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Gómez Palacio
Cristo Omar Puente Valenzuela Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Gómez Palacio
Rolando Adair Facio Campos Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Gómez Palacio
Edgar Héctor Olivas Calderón Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Gómez Palacio

Publicado 2026-03-25

Derechos de autor 2026 Jorge Alejandro Sosa Gutiérrez, Cristo Omar Puente Valenzuela, Rolando Adair Facio Campos, Edgar Héctor Olivas Calderón

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Cómo citar

Sosa Gutiérrez, J. A., Puente Valenzuela, C. O., Facio Campos, R. A., & Olivas Calderón, E. H. (2026). Adaptógenos: naturaleza, función y principales representantes. Acta Universitaria, 36, 1-34. https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2026.4743

Resumen

Los adaptógenos son compuestos naturales, principalmente de origen vegetal, que han sido objeto de creciente interés científico por su capacidad para mejorar la resistencia inespecífica del organismo frente al estrés físico, mental y ambiental. Actúan modulando el eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-adrenal (HHA) y otros sistemas neuroendocrinos, promoviendo la homeostasis sin alterar las funciones fisiológicas normales. Investigaciones recientes han documentado efectos beneficiosos de adaptógenos como Panax ginseng, Rhodiola rosea y Withania somnifera en la reducción del estrés, la fatiga y los trastornos del estado de ánimo, así como en la mejora del rendimiento físico y cognitivo. A pesar del respaldo empírico en estudios preclínicos y clínicos, persisten desafíos en cuanto a la estandarización de extractos, mecanismos moleculares específicos y validación clínica a gran escala. Este trabajo revisa la evidencia más reciente sobre los principales adaptógenos, sus mecanismos de acción, aplicaciones terapéuticas y perspectivas futuras.

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