Vol. 36 (2026): Volumen 36
Artículos de investigación

La interacción hombre-máquina desde la teoría sociotécnica en el contexto del sector servicios

Sergio Madero Gómez Departamento de Gestión y Liderazgo, Tecnologico de Monterrey

Biografía
Oscar Iván Vásquez Rivera Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Publicado 2026-09-09

Cómo citar

Madero Gómez, S., & Vásquez Rivera, O. I. (2026). La interacción hombre-máquina desde la teoría sociotécnica en el contexto del sector servicios. Acta Universitaria, 36. https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2026.4826

Resumen

En este artículo se analiza la interacción entre humanos y tecnologías digitales en el sector servicios, desde el enfoque de la teoría de sistemas sociotécnicos. A partir de un enfoque metodológico cualitativo se realizó un análisis de una encuesta aplicadas a 46 trabajadores, en la que se examinan tres ejes: la adopción técnica, el rendimiento del sistema sociotécnico y la percepción social frente al uso de tecnologías como la inteligencia artificial y la automatización. Los hallazgos evidencian que el impacto de la tecnología depende de su integración con las dinámicas humanas, culturales y organizacionales. Se identifican tanto beneficios operativos como tensiones adaptativas, especialmente en procesos de robotización y cambio generacional. Finalmente, se plantean recomendaciones para una transformación digital más equilibrada, inclusiva y sostenible, incluyendo la exploración futura de encuestas dirigidas a inteligencias artificiales corporativas.

Referencias

  1. Alter, S. (2010). Design spaces for sociotechnical systems. European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), 10. https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2010/10/
  2. Alter, S. (2022). Requirements engineering for sociotechnical systems that may include mixed initiative interactions between humans and machines. RESOSY 2021 – First International Interdisciplinary Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Sociotechnical Systems [En línea], San Francisco, USA. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3107/paper1.pdf
  3. Behymer, K. J., & Flach, J. M. (2016). From autonomous systems to sociotechnical systems: designing effective collaborations. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, 2(2), 105–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2016.09.001
  4. Bhattacharyya, S., & Carroll, M. (2022). Editorial: Assuring trustworthiness of autonomous systems as intelligent and ethical teammates. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 9, 1004094. https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.1004094
  5. Boy, G. A., & Morel, C. (2022). The machine as a partner: human-machine teaming design using the PRODEC method. WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation, 73(1), 15-30. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-220268
  6. Carayon, P. (2006). Human factors of complex sociotechnical systems. Applied Ergonomics, 37(4), 525–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2006.04.011
  7. Cardoso, J. L. F. P., Rhodes, D. H., & Rebentisch, E. (2023). Enterprise digital transformation using a sociotechnical system approach. INCOSE International Symposium, 33(1), 448-462. https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13032
  8. Chopra, A. K., & Singh, M. P. (2016). From social machines to social protocols: software engineering foundations for sociotechnical systems. Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on World Wide Web, 903–913. https://doi.org/10.1145/2872427.2883018
  9. Chuang, S., Shahhosseini, M., Javaid, M., & Wang, G. G. (2024). Machine learning and AI technology-induced skill gaps and opportunities for continuous development of middle-skilled employees. Journal of Work-Applied Management, 18(1), 95-109. https://doi.org/10.1108/jwam-08-2024-0111
  10. Clegg, C. W. (2000). Sociotechnical principles for system design. Applied Ergonomics, 31(5), 463–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-6870(00)00009-0
  11. Demir, M., McNeese, N. J., & Cooke, N. J. (2019). The evolution of human-autonomy teams in remotely piloted aircraft systems operations. Frontiers in Communication, 4, 50. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2019.00050
  12. Fair, N. (2022, 23-24 de marzo). Industry 5.0 and sociotechnical theory: theoretical underpinnings. Proceedings of the Workshop of I-ESA ’22, Valencia, España. [En línea]. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3214/WS5Paper4.pdf
  13. Fernández-Jimeno, N. (2025). How sociotechnical systems adapt to change: reproductive imaginaries in the co-production of assisted reproductive technologies. Science & Technology Studies, 38(2), 41-59. https://doi.org/10.23987/sts.120660
  14. Fischer, L., Wunderlich, N., & Baskerville, R. (2023). Artificial intelligence and digital work: the sociotechnical reversal. Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). https://doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2023.027
  15. Gorman, J. C., Cooke, N. J., & Salas, E., (2010). Preface to the special issue on collaboration, coordination, and adaptation in complex sociotechnical settings. Human Factors, 52(2), 143–146. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720810372386
  16. Gupta, P., Nguyen, T. N., González, C., & Woolley, A. W. (2023). Fostering collective intelligence in human-AI collaboration: Laying the groundwork for COHUMAIN. Topics in Cognitive Science, 17(2), 189-216. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12679
  17. Hou, M. (2021). Enabling trust in autonomous human-machine teaming. IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Systems (ICAS), Montreal, Canada. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAS49788.2021.9551153
  18. Imran, F., Shahzad, K., Butt, A., & Kantola, J. (2021). Digital transformation of industrial organizations: toward an integrated framework. Journal of Change Management, 21(4), 451–479. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2021.1929406
  19. Kopp, R., Dhondt, S., Hirsch-Kreinsen, H., Kohlgrüber, M., & Preenen, P. (2019). Sociotechnical perspectives on digitalisation and Industry 4.0. International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation, 16(3), 219–236. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTTC.2019.099896
  20. Lawless, W. F. (2020). Quantum-like interdependence theory advances autonomous human–machine teams (A-HMTs). Entropy, 22(11), 1227. https://doi.org/10.3390/e22111227
  21. López-Nicolás, C., & Meroño-Cerdán, Á. L. (2011). Strategic knowledge management, innovation and performance. International Journal of Information Management, 31(6), 502–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2011.02.003
  22. Marcon, É., Soliman, M., Gerstlberger, W., & Frank, A. G. (2022). Sociotechnical factors and Industry 4.0: an integrative perspective for the adoption of smart manufacturing technologies. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 33(2), 259-286. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-01-2021-0017
  23. Mumford, E. (2000). A socio-technical approach to systems design. Requirements Engineering, 5, 125–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00010345
  24. Oosthuizen, R., & Manzini, D. (2022). Systems thinking for the digital economy: a sociotechnical perspective. The South African Journal of Industrial Engineering, 33(3), 262–273. https://doi.org/10.7166/33-3-2801
  25. Parker, S. K., Ballard, T., Billinghurst, M., Collins, C., Dollard, M., Griffin, M. A., Johal, W., Jorritsma, K., Kowalkiewicz, M., Kyndt, E., Lusher, D., McLennan, C., Miller, T., Neal, A., Paterson, J. M., Vetere, F., & Walsh, T. (2025). Quality work in the future: new directions via a co-evolving sociotechnical systems perspective. Australian Journal of Management, 51(2), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/03128962251331813
  26. Pasmore, W., Francis, C., Haldeman, J., & Shani, A. (1982). Sociotechnical systems: a North American reflection on empirical studies of the seventies. Human Relations, 35(12), 1179–1204. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872678203501207
  27. Pasmore, W., Winby, S., Mohrman, S. A., & Vanasse, R. (2018). Reflections: sociotechnical systems design and organization change. Journal of Change Management, 19(2), 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2018.1553761
  28. Pinhanez, C. (2010). Designing the interaction with service systems. Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Extending Boundaries. https://doi.org/10.1145/1878450.1878494
  29. Salmon, P. M., & Read, G. J. M. (2018). Using principles from the past to solve the problems of the future: human factors and sociotechnical systems thinking in the design of future work. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 28(6), 277–280. https://doi.org/10.1002/hfm.20777
  30. Shani, A. B., Grant, R. M., Krishnan, R., & Thompson, E. (1992). Advanced manufacturing systems and organizational choice: sociotechnical system approach. California Management Review, 34(4), 91–111. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166705
  31. Suvalova, T. V., Ashurbekov, R. A., & Suvalov, O. S. (2021). Digital transformation of new employee adaptation processes. En E. G. Popkova, V. N. Ostrovskaya & A. V. Bogoviz (eds.), Socio-economic systems: paradigms for the future, 1071–1080. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56433-9_112
  32. Taveter, K. (2022). First International Interdisciplinary Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Sociotechnical Systems (RESOSY 2021). [En línea]. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3107/preface.pdf.
  33. Topcu, T. G. (2020). Management of complex sociotechnical systems [Tesis doctoral]. Virginia Tech Digital Archives. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/97844
  34. Trist, E. L., & Bamforth, K. W. (1951). Some social and psychological consequences of the longwall method of coal-getting: an examination of the psychological situation and defences of a work group in relation to the social structure and technological content of the work system. Human Relations, 4(1), 3–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675100400101
  35. Turnley, J., Wachtel, A., Muñoz-Ramos, K., Hoffman, M., Gauthier, J., Speed, A. E., & Kittinger, R. (2017). Modeling human-technology interaction as a sociotechnical system of systems. 2017 12th System of Systems Engineering Conference (SoSE), Waikoloa, HI, USA. https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2017.7994934
  36. Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: a review and a research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003
  37. Vorm, E. S., & Miller, A. D. (2020, 19-24 de julio). Modeling user information needs to enable successful human-machine teams: designing transparency for autonomous systems. 14th International Conference, AC 2020, Copenhagen, Denmark. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50439-7_31
  38. Winby, S., & Mohrman, S. A. (2018). Digital sociotechnical system design. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 54(4), 399–423. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886318781581