Estudio experimental de una bomba de calor de fuente de agua (WSHP): evaluación del refrigerante R32 como reemplazo directo del R410A
Publicado 2026-03-18
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Derechos de autor 2026 Juan Manuel Belman Flores, Vicente Pérez García, María Fernanda Meza Enríquez, Luiz Machado

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
Se evaluó experimentalmente el comportamiento energético de una bomba de calor de fuente de agua, en modo calor, usando el R32 como sustituto directo del R410A. Para esto, se construyó un banco experimental simulando condiciones operativas del caudal y temperatura de la fuente de agua (mezcla agua-glicol), así como la condición del set-point (temperatura del espacio a climatizar). Con estas condiciones se amplía la información existente en la literatura, posicionando al R32 como una opción viable a corto y mediano plazo. Los resultados indicaron que el R32 mostró un mejor desempeño que el R410A, logrando incrementos del COP de hasta 40%. Para temperaturas del set-point de 31 °C y 28 °C, la bomba mostró ahorros energéticos del 37% usando el R32 en comparación con el R410A. Finalmente, se realizó un análisis TEWI, donde el R32 presentó una reducción del 84.2% en las emisiones indirectas debido al menor consumo energético.
Citas
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