Vol. 25 Núm. 2 (2015)
Artículos de Investigación

El área de distribución de las especies: revisión del concepto

Carlos Alberto Maciel Mata
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas
Biografía
Norma Manríquez Morán
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas
Biografía
Pablo Octavio Aguilar
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas
Biografía
Gerardo Sánchez Rojas
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas
Biografía

Publicado 2015-05-15

Palabras clave

  • Geographic distribution concept,
  • metapopulation lineage,
  • geographic distribution implications,
  • patterns,
  • methods to approximation.
  • Concepto área de distribución de las especies,
  • linaje metapoblacional,
  • implicaciones del área de distribución,
  • patrones,
  • métodos de aproximación.

Cómo citar

Maciel Mata, C. A., Manríquez Morán, N., Octavio Aguilar, P., & Sánchez Rojas, G. (2015). El área de distribución de las especies: revisión del concepto. Acta Universitaria, 25(2), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2015.690

Resumen

El área de distribución de las especies es un concepto importante en la biología, sin embargo, existen casos en los que no se ha interpretado adecuadamente. Se considera que utilizar un término unificado de especie puede ayudar a clarificar el concepto de área de distribución, pues se incorpora la idea de dimensión espacial al señalar que las especies son linajes metapoblacionales que evolucionan separadamente. El área de distribución se define como la fracción del espacio geográfico donde una especie está presente e interactúa de manera no efímera con el ecosistema. La presencia o ausencia de éstas en el espacio geográfico está definida por factores biogeográficos, fisiológicos, así como ecológicos. A pesar de ser un atributo difícil de estimar, se han descrito algunos patrones referentes a los tamaños, formas y límites del área de distribución. En la actualidad existen métodos que permiten hacer hipótesis espacialmente explícitas más certeras acerca del área de distribución de las especies.

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