Mutation with Co60 induction and chimeras selection in virginia type groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)

Abstract

Groundnut is an important oil crop by products used in the food and chemical industries. The aim of this research was to induce genetic variability with Co⁶⁰ and selection of chimeras. Experiment was conducted at ITESM Campus Querétaro. Dosage used were 0 (control), 50 Grays, 100 Grays, 150 Grays, 200 Grays, 250 Grays and 300 Grays, with randomized block design with four replications. ANOVA, DMS and regression. Plant height decreases when increasing dosage obtaining three groups, height plants (0 Gy to 150 Gy), medium (200 Gy and 250 Gy) and low (300 Gy). Gynophores induction was smaller increasing dosage presenting reversion in 100 Gy and 200 Gy. Gynophore length decreased with increasing dose, differentiating three groups as in induction with gynophores aborted without pod development. Blooming was reduced obtaining 90% (0 Gy to 150 Gy), 60% (200 Gy and 250 Gy) and 36% at 300 Gy. Chimeras were selected in doses above 200 Gy with LD₅₀ and DL₃₀.