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Resumen
Las lipasas son enzimas atractivas para su uso en biotecnología, principalmente aquellas producidas por extremófilos. Recientemente fueron aisladas bacterias termófilas Geobacillus en aguas geotermales del lago del cráter del volcán “El Chichón”, en México. En este trabajo se caracterizó y optimizó la actividad lipolítica de la cepa Geobacillus stearothermophilus CHI1. Esta cepa fue capaz de producir enzimas con máxima actividad lipolítica a 60 °C y 80 °C, con valores de pH de 5, 9 y 11, además de que demostró ser tolerante a solventes y capaz de realizar catálisis independientemente de iones metálicos. Adicionalemente, mostró mayor afinidad hacia sustratos de cadena media. Los resultados de la caracterización y optimización bioquímica sugieren la presencia de más de un tipo de actividad lipolítica presente en Geobacillus stearothermophilus CHI1. Todas estas características hacen que estas enzimas sean atractivas en procesos biotecnológicos a altas temperaturas y pH alcalino (por ejemplo, aditivos detergentes), así como para ayudar a comprender su utilidad biológica en Geobacillus.
Citas
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